Mjournal of modern craft4/2/2023 ![]() Challenges to the indefinite-growth model, initially raised by Meadows et al. Orthodox linear business models of indefinite growth have fuelled climate change exponentially since the 1950s, as is embodied in the idea of the Anthropocene. The study reports on case studies from craft businesses in Scotland and Nepal which were originally viewed through the lens of the Quadruple Bottom Line or 4Ps: purpose-driven businesses which place economic profitability alongside social responsibility and environmental sustainability (purpose, profit, people and planet), but which highlighted the importance of local ecosystems and therefore the proposal to include a fifth P to reflect not only purpose, profit, people and planet, but also place. Crafts businesses rely on supply chains of material resources with associated embodied carbon and a carbon footprint. This will mean changed priorities, new legislation, and new funding strategies for citizens and businesses. The Scottish Government and Nepali Government have both agreed to a 2045 net-zero target. The study reports on case studies from craft businesses in Scotland and Nepal and their efforts to embed sustainable business practices. ![]() The term net zero has been internationally agreed on as the target to achieve a net-zero-emissions budget by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and/or to ensure that any ongoing emissions are balanced by removal. This study looks at two correlated approaches to climate change: a net-zero economy will require both a fundamental culture shift and a radically new means of doing business. The craft sector, with creative practices rooted in traditional manufacturing, material knowledge and yet a contemporary approach to design, can thus provide a useful model for other creative businesses that support purposeful, holistic sustainability and that engage with financial, environmental, and social sustainability that is rooted in place. This qualitative research project took a case-studies approach, supported by primary research through workshops and interviews, and using the expansion of the Craft Toolkit of Applied Arts Scotland to embed the five Ps. The importance of localised supply chains and regenerative design enabled the development of the five-Ps framework so as to be more reflective of circular-economy models as operated by craft businesses. ![]() Case studies from material-based creative businesses as found in the traditional handicraft and design-innovation communities in Nepal, and a designer-making community in Scotland, both explored circular-economy principles. ![]() The five Ps of the Quintuple Bottom Line support purpose-driven businesses to consider economic profitability alongside social responsibility and environmental sustainability, rooted in place (purpose, profit, people, planet and place), and are based on reflections from the craft industry. This study proposes to extend the sustainable business framework of the Quadruple Bottom Line into the Quintuple Bottom Line. ![]()
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